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Potential Vulnerabilities - Mental Conditions - Traumatic Brain Injuries (TBI)

BC Brain Injury Association

Mission Statement: “To provide a voice to promote a better quality of life for those living with acquired brain injury through education, information, prevention, support and advocacy." The British Columbia Brain Injury Association is a Provincial organization in British Columbia serving the interests of all affected by Acquired Brain Injury in BC.

Visit at: www.bcbraininjuryassociation.com


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Children's Learning and Brain Injury

Information for Teachers and Caregivers

Reprinted with permission from the British Columbia Brain Injury Association (BCBIA).

Traumatic Brain injury (TBI) is defined within the IDEA as an acquired injury to the brain caused by an external physical force, resulting in total or partial functional disability or psychosocial impairment, or both, that adversely affects a child's educational performance. The term applies to open and closed head injuries resulting in impairments in one or more areas, such as cognition; language; memory; attention; reasoning; abstract thinking; judgment; problem-solving; sensory, perceptual and motor abilities; psychosocial behavior; physical functions; information processing; and speech. The term does not apply to brain injuries that are congenital or degenerative, or brain injuries induced by birth trauma. [(Code of Federal Regulations, Title 34, Section 300.7(b)(12)]

Incidence

TBI is the leading cause of death and disability in children and adolescents in the United States. The most frequent causes of TBI are related to motor vehicle crashes, falls, sports, and abuse/assault. More than one million children sustain head injuries annually; approximately 165,000 require hospitalization, however, many students with mild brain injury may never see a health care professional at the time of the accident.

Characteristics

The Brain Injury Association (formerly the National Head Injury Foundation) calls TBI the silent epidemic because many children have no visible impairments after a head injury. Symptoms can vary greatly depending upon the extent and location of the brain injury.

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